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数学物理方法
《数学物理方法(第4版)》是在第三版的基础上,根据当前的教学实践情况修订而成的。全书南复变函数论、数学物理方程两部分组成,以常见物理问题中三类偏微分方程定解问题的建立和求解为中心内容。《数学物理方法(第4版)》保持了前三版数学紧密联系物理、讲解流畅的特点,并对内容作了适度的调整,以适应当前的要求。 《数学物理方法(第4版)》可作为高等院校物理类、电子工程类各专业“数学物理方法”课程的教材.亦可供高等学校的其他有关专业选用。 -
Geometry, Topology and Physics, Second Edition
Differential geometry and topology have become essential tools for many theoretical physicists. In particular, they are indispensable in theoretical studies of condensed matter physics, gravity, and particle physics."Geometry, Topology and Physics, Second Edition" introduces the ideas and techniques of differential geometry and topology at a level suitable for postgraduate students and researchers in these fields. The second edition of this popular and established text incorporates a number of changes designed to meet the needs of the reader and reflect the development of the subject. The book features a considerably expanded first chapter, reviewing aspects of path integral quantization and gauge theories. Chapter 2 introduces the mathematical concepts of maps, vector spaces, and topology. The following chapters focus on more elaborate concepts in geometry and topology and discuss the application of these concepts to liquid crystals, superfluid helium, general relativity, and bosonic string theory. Later chapters unify geometry and topology, exploring fiber bundles, characteristic classes, and index theorems.New to this second edition is the proof of the index theorem in terms of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. The final two chapters are devoted to the most fascinating applications of geometry and topology in contemporary physics, namely the study of anomalies in gauge field theories and the analysis of Polakov's bosonic string theory from the geometrical point of view. "Geometry, Topology and Physics, Second Edition" is an ideal introduction to differential geometry and topology for postgraduate students and researchers in theoretical and mathematical physics. -
特殊函数概论
《特殊函数概论》较系统地讲述了一些主要的特殊函数,如超几何函数、勒让德函数、合流超几何函数、贝塞耳函数、椭圆函数、椭球谐函数、马丢(Mathieu)函数等。同时也阐明一些在讨论特殊函数时常用的概念和理论,如关于函数的级数展开和无穷乘积展开,渐进展开,线性常微分方程的级数解法和积分解法等,在各章之末还附有习题,习题中包含了一些有用的公式作为《特殊函数概论》正文的补充。 -
数学物理方法 I
《数学物理方法》系一经典名著。《数学物理方法》系统地提供了为解决各种重要物理问题所需的基本数学方法。全书分三卷出版。本书为《数学物理方法I》,由R.柯朗和D.希尔伯特编写,内容包括:线性代数和二次型、任意函数的级数展开、线性积分方程、变分法、振动和本征 值问题、变分法在 本征值问题上的应用以及本征值问题所定义的特殊函数。《数学物理方法I》可以作为高等学校“数学物理”课程的教科书;对理论物理学工作者,它也是一本有用的参考书。 -
The Road to Reality
From one of our greatest living scientists, a magnificent book that provides, for the serious lay reader, the most comprehensive and sophisticated account we have yet had of the physical universe and the essentials of its underlying mathematical theory. Since the earliest efforts of the ancient Greeks to find order amid the chaos around us, there has been continual accelerated progress toward understanding the laws that govern our universe. And the particularly important advances made by means of the revolutionary theories of relativity and quantum mechanics have deeply altered our vision of the cosmos and provided us with models of unprecedented accuracy. What Roger Penrose so brilliantly accomplishes in this book is threefold. First, he gives us an overall narrative description of our present understanding of the universe and its physical behaviors–from the unseeable, minuscule movement of the subatomic particle to the journeys of the planets and the stars in the vastness of time and space. Second, he evokes the extraordinary beauty that lies in the mysterious and profound relationships between these physical behaviors and the subtle mathematical ideas that explain and interpret them. Third, Penrose comes to the arresting conclusion–as he explores the compatibility of the two grand classic theories of modern physics–that Einstein’s general theory of relativity stands firm while quantum theory, as presently constituted, still needs refashioning. Along the way, he talks about a wealth of issues, controversies, and phenomena; about the roles of various kinds of numbers in physics, ideas of calculus and modern geometry, visions of infinity, the big bang, black holes, the profound challenge of the second law of thermodynamics, string and M theory, loop quantum gravity, twistors, and educated guesses about science in the near future. In The Road to Reality he has given us a work of enormous scope, intention, and achievement–a complete and essential work of science 从古希腊人探寻我们身边的秩序与混沌的最早期的努力开始,人们对支配着我们生活的宇宙的法则的理解也在不断加速。而通过相对论与量子力学这样的革命性理论而取得的重要进展,已经深刻地改变了我们观察宇宙的视野。在这本书中,作者Roger Penrose首先对我们目前对宇宙的理解给出一个全面的概述,从我们看不到的亚原子粒子的微小运动到漫天星斗的运行。在物质的世界与用以解释和描述它们的微妙的数理概念之间存在一种关系,揭示这一关系中所呈现的美是作者接下来要做的事。在此基础上,作者又进而对现有的理论加以思考。依着这一思路,他在此书讨论了大量的问题、争论以及现象,不仅是前面提到的相对论,还包括正诱惑着科学家们智慧的膜理论等。作者彭罗斯早已为中国读者所熟悉,他曾于1988年与霍金共同分享当年授予物理学家的沃尔夫奖。他的作品《皇帝新脑》、《时空本性》(与霍金合著)此前曾在我国翻译出版。来自《星期天泰晤士报》的评论说,彭罗斯的书揭示了纠结在自然与人类想像力之间的美与精妙之处。 -
经典力学的数学方法
Part of Preface to the second edition The main part of this book was written twenty years ago. The ideas and methods of symplectic geometry, developed in this book, have now found many applications in mathematical physics and in other domains of applied mathematics, as well as in pure mathematics itself. Especially, the theory of short wave asymptotic expansions has reached a very sophiscated level, with many important applications to optics, wave theory, acoustics, spectroscopy, and even chemistry; this development was parallel to the development of the theories of Lagrange and Legendre singularities, that is, of singularities of caustics and of wave fronts, of their topology and their perestroikas (in Russian metamorphoses were always called "perestroikas," as in "Morse perestroika" for the English "Morse surgery"; now that the word perestroika has become international, we may preserve the Russian term in translation and are not obliged to substitute "metamorphoses" for "perestroikas" when speaking of wave fronts, caustics, and so on.