Best-selling author Michael Lewis examines how a Nobel Prize–winning theory of the mind altered our perception of reality.

Forty years ago, Israeli psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky wrote a series of breathtakingly original studies undoing our assumptions about the decision-making process. Their papers showed the ways in which the human mind erred, systematically, when forced to make judgments about uncertain situations. Their work created the field of behavioral economics, revolutionized Big Data studies, advanced evidence-based medicine, led to a new approach to government regulation, and made much of Michael Lewis’s own work possible. Kahneman and Tversky are more responsible than anybody for the powerful trend to mistrust human intuition and defer to algorithms.

The Undoing Project is about the fascinating collaboration between two men who have the dimensions of great literary figures. They became heroes in the university and on the battlefield―both had important careers in the Israeli military―and their research was deeply linked to their extraordinary life experiences. In the process they may well have changed, for good, mankind’s view of its own mind.

Although mammals and birds are widely regarded to be the smartest creatures on earth, it has lately become clear that a very distant branch of the tree of life has also sprouted higher intelligence: the cephalopods, consisting of the squid, the cuttlefish, and above all the octopus. In captivity, octopuses have been known to keep tabs on individual human keepers, raid neighboring tanks for food, turn off lightbulbs by spouting jets of water, plug drains, and make daring escapes. How is that a creature with such gifts evolved through an evolutionary lineage so radically distant from our own? What does it mean that evolution built minds not once, but at least twice? The octopus is the closest we will come to meeting an intelligent alien. What can we learn from the encounter?

In Other Minds, Peter Godfrey-Smith, a distinguished philosopher of science and skilled scuba diver, tells a bold new story of how subjective experience crept into being—how nature became aware of itself. As Godfrey-Smith stresses, it is a story that largely occurs in the ocean, where animals first appeared. Tracking the mind’s fitful development, Godfrey-Smith shows how unruly clumps of seaborne cells began living together and became capable of sensing, acting, and signaling. As these primitive organisms became more entangled with others, they grew more complicated. The first nervous systems evolved, probably in ancient relatives of jellyfish; later on, the cephalopods, which began as inconspicuous mollusks, abandoned their shells and rose above the ocean floor, searching for prey, and acquiring the greater intelligence needed to do so. Taking an independent route, mammals and birds later began their own evolutionary journey.

But what kind of intelligence do cephalopods possess? Drawing on the latest scientific research and his own scuba-diving adventures, Godfrey-Smith probes the many mysteries that surround the lineage. How did the octopus, a solitary creature with little social life, become so smart? What is it like to have eight tentacles that are so packed with neurons that they virtually “think for themselves”? What happens when some octopuses abandon their hermit-like ways and congregate together, as they do in a unique location off the coast of Australia? And how does the cephalopod mind differ from the mammal mind, which took its own path—a path that eventually gave rise to an especially rich form of consciousness?

By tracing the question of inner life back to its roots and comparing human beings with our most remarkable animal relatives, Godfrey-Smith casts crucial new light on the octopus mind—and on our own.

[内容简介]

●“DNA决定我们是不是人，镜像神经元决定我们能否塑造文明。”镜像神经元堪称20年来心理学界最重要的发现，然而小小的镜像神经元，真的能够解开人类进化史上的重大谜团吗？镜像神经元理论提供了一种精练而简单的新方式，来解释语言的进化、人类共情的发展以及自闭症的神经基础，乃至精神分裂、药物滥用、性取向、传染性哈欠等，其作用可谓无所不包。

●在《神秘的镜像神经元》中，神经科学家格雷戈里•希科克回顾了镜像神经元理论从萌芽到流行的全过程，对其进行了大胆质疑，并提出了自己的新解释。这些理论探讨阐明了有关人类认知及大脑功能的关键问题：为什么人类如此频繁而大量地进行模仿？要理解言语，我们必须具备说话的能力吗？自闭症到底是哪里出了问题？人类能够进行心智解读吗？

●从发现问题到创建理论再到修订理论，《神秘的镜像神经元》展现了科学在曲折中前行的发展进程，并就人类大脑的组织和功能、沟通及认知的本质进行了深入的阐述。

[编辑推荐]

●《科学家》杂志推荐书目，首次全面、深入揭秘现代心理学与神经科学中最具深远影响的发现；

●“DNA决定我们是不是人，镜像神经元决定我们能否塑造文明。”全方位解读镜像神经元理论，在大脑深处探寻语言、模仿、学习、沟通、共情、自闭症的源头。

●著名认知心理学家史蒂芬•平克、盖瑞•马库斯，南京师范大学心理学院教授袁逖飞、知乎大V赵思家、加州大学圣迭戈分校哲学荣誉退休教授帕特里夏•丘奇兰德联袂推荐，《出版人周刊》《科克斯书评》热评；

●《纽约时报》盛赞：“今天对神话多一克警惕，明天在神经科学中就会少一磅谬论。”

●湛庐文化出品。

● “真是难以置信，我的父母曾经犯过的那些让我小时候深恶痛绝的错误，我居然原封不动地转嫁到了我的孩子身上，注定要重蹈覆辙吗？”这一切听起来很耳熟对不对？不知有多少父母这样责问过自己，但可悲的是，他们在深深的懊悔之后往往还要继续犯错，最终陷于“犯错—懊悔—犯错”的循环中。 那么，有没有可能改变这种循环呢？

●《由内而外的教养》不仅为你解答问题，并且提供简单实用的方法帮你解决问题。人际神经生物学和依恋研究发现，人际关系直接影响大脑的发育，因此，正是我们的经历尤其是童年经历塑造了我们的大脑，决定了我们的思维，影响着我们养育孩子的方式。只有更深入地理解自己的经历，解决早年未妥善处理的精神创伤，才能以健康的心理创造健康、和谐的亲子关系。

●在经典畅销读物《由内而外的教养》这本书的10周年纪念版中，丹尼尔•西格尔和学前教育专家玛丽•哈策尔深入探讨了童年经历对我们教养方式的影响。他们梳理了人际神经生物学领域的重要研究成果，阐释了亲子关系如何直接作用于儿童大脑的发展，并为家长们提供了具体可行的方法步骤，帮助他们更深入地理解自己的生活经历，从而教养出坚韧不拔、富有同情心的孩子。

●全美畅销10年15万册的育儿经典，Babble知名在线育儿杂志最佳图书前5名。

●美国著名心理学家丹尼尔•西格尔力作。融合脑科学、心理学与网络科学的顶级先锋人物西格尔，与儿童发展专家哈策尔联手打造，为天下父母揭秘前所未闻的脑科学知识，破解种种育儿难题。

●由内而外的教养。我们的经历塑造我们的大脑，同样，我们给孩子提供的经历塑造了他们的大脑。养育健康、乐观的孩子，首先要认识自己，接纳自己。

●科学聚焦。本书精选的脑科学知识与正文内容互为补充，为寻求专业知识的读者提供最佳解答，并为书中的教养方式提供科学依据。

●国际著名教育家、心理学大师丹尼尔科学教养系列。

●湛庐文化出品

●父母的养育方式，决定了孩子的思维方式。在我们的父母还在为孩子报英语班、奥数班的时候，发展式教育的理念《全脑教养法》已经风靡美国，改变了万千父母的教养方式。美国著名儿童积极心理学家丹尼尔•西格尔的作品《全脑教养法》全面阐述了这一教养趋势，情商之父丹尼尔•戈尔曼鼎力推荐 。

●孩子在该睡觉的时候却站在客厅里乱发脾气，在本该乖乖听话的公共场合突然乱发脾气，无法跟兄弟姐妹或同龄伙伴正常相处，总是有各种莫名其妙的担忧和恐惧——听起来并不陌生吧？养育孩子的路上总是充满挑战。是孩子存心与父母作对吗？不，是他们还未成熟的大脑在操纵着一切。读完《全脑教养法》，你会恍然大悟。

●例如，在幼儿阶段，孩子的右脑及其所控制的情绪支配着逻辑化的左脑，你只知道大脑分左右，其实还分上下层，“上层大脑”进行决策、平衡情绪，但要到二十多岁才能发育成熟。难怪孩子们会时不时地失去控制。通过把这些发现应用到日常育儿实践中，你能把各种情绪爆发、与伙伴争执或不知名的恐惧转化为整合孩子大脑、培育“全脑儿童”的机会。“全脑教养12法”将帮助你培养更加平和、快乐的孩子。

●风靡美国的发展式教育。养育孩子不再只是教会他们穿衣吃饭那么简单，父母应该做的是拓展孩子的思维，帮助孩子获得无限发展的能力，这是父母送给孩子最好的礼物。

●美国著名的儿童积极心理学家丹尼尔•西格尔力作。西格尔为天下父母揭秘前所未闻的脑科学知识，破解种种育儿难题。“情商”之父丹尼尔•戈尔曼力荐。

●神奇的“全脑教养12法”。整合上下脑、整合左右脑、整合记忆、整合自我、整合自我与他人——孩子的大脑一旦整合为一个整体去运转，父母就能培养出一个心智健康的“全脑儿童”。

●国际著名教育家、心理学大师丹尼尔的科学教养系列。

●湛庐文化出品。

◎正念认知疗法创始人合力撰写；

◎正念领域里程碑式著作；

◎无论你处于怎样的情绪低谷，或是陷于抑郁症中无力逃脱，本书都能帮助你重获内心的平静。

◎内容简介：

正念意味着通过注意去觉知事物本来的样子，

有目的的，

此时此刻的，

不带评判的。

《抑郁症的正念认知疗法》对正念认知疗法的理论基础以及细节进行了描述。这一方法的焦点在于教会患者在他们的想法、情绪和身体感受的关联中，建立起简单且根本的转变，来帮助患者预防抑郁症的复发。