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劳特利奇哲学史
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From Bacteria to Bach and Back
One of America’s foremost philosophers offers a major new account of the origins of the conscious mind.
How did we come to have minds?
For centuries, this question has intrigued psychologists, physicists, poets, and philosophers, who have wondered how the human mind developed its unrivaled ability to create, imagine, and explain. Disciples of Darwin have long aspired to explain how consciousness, language, and culture could have appeared through natural selection, blazing promising trails that tend, however, to end in confusion and controversy. Even though our understanding of the inner workings of proteins, neurons, and DNA is deeper than ever before, the matter of how our minds came to be has largely remained a mystery.
That is now changing, says Daniel C. Dennett. In From Bacteria to Bach and Back, his most comprehensive exploration of evolutionary thinking yet, he builds on ideas from computer science and biology to show how a comprehending mind could in fact have arisen from a mindless process of natural selection. Part philosophical whodunit, part bold scientific conjecture, this landmark work enlarges themes that have sustained Dennett’s legendary career at the forefront of philosophical thought.
In his inimitable style―laced with wit and arresting thought experiments―Dennett explains that a crucial shift occurred when humans developed the ability to share memes, or ways of doing things not based in genetic instinct. Language, itself composed of memes, turbocharged this interplay. Competition among memes―a form of natural selection―produced thinking tools so well-designed that they gave us the power to design our own memes. The result, a mind that not only perceives and controls but can create and comprehend, was thus largely shaped by the process of cultural evolution.
An agenda-setting book for a new generation of philosophers, scientists, and thinkers, From Bacteria to Bach and Back will delight and entertain anyone eager to make sense of how the mind works and how it came about.
4 color, 18 black-and-white illustrations
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悲剧与礼法
弁言 /1
引论 /1
一、 政治神学抑或存在的发现 /1
二、 礼法的思想史问题:神义论与人义论的辩难 /5
索福克勒斯悲剧 /17
一、立法者的知识与德性——古希腊戏剧与民主政制 /17
二、礼法的灵魂学问题——《埃阿斯》场景和开场 /24
三、礼法的政治神学问题——重释《俄狄浦斯在科罗诺斯》 /33
柏拉图《米诺斯》 /57
一、 引题 /57
二、 礼法即政治神学(313a1—314c3) /60
三、 礼法即存在的发现(314c4—318a7) /73
四、 立法者的悲剧形象及其重塑(318b1—321d10) /111
莎士比亚悲剧 /177
一、礼法的政治与人性问题——《雅典人泰门》文本形式解析 /177
二、礼法的政治与德性问题——《麦克白》结构与情节初步分析 /183
附录 /195
一、民主新礼法的女人教育——欧洲古典文学教学散议之一/195
二、古典礼法中的女人形象——欧洲古典文学教学散议之二 /199
三、古典学教育中的柏拉图问题——《西方古典文献学发凡》评述 /209
爱欲与德性——欧洲古典文学修习琐记(代后记) /209
补记 /223
参考文献 /225
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恩格斯传
本书是关于恩格斯生平与思想的简明传记。麦克莱伦在30多年前出版的《恩格斯传》第一版中力图表明,近年来人们对马克思主义的兴趣日益增加,但恩格斯的贡献经常遭到误解和低估。这部关于恩格斯生平与思想的简明传记表明他的作用有多么重要,他不仅为马克思提供物质和道义上的支持,而且传播了马克思主义的种子,使很多重要的马克思主义原则得到了发展。作者认为,恩格斯是一个重要的思想家,特别是在人类学和历史学领域,而且对以往兴起的马克思主义运动产生了重大影响。与马克思相比,恩格斯的思想具有鲜明的特征。在本书中文版即将付梓之际,麦克莱伦为中国读者撰写了序言,简要表达了他关于恩格斯生平与思想及其当代价值的新见。
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爱的戏剧
本书是阿兰·布鲁姆《爱与友谊》第二部分。作者在本书中细致解读了莎士比亚的六部戏剧,从《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中青春的爱,到《安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉》中成熟的爱,再到《一报还一报》中爱与宗教、政治的复杂交织,以及《特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达》中爱与欺骗的较量、《冬天的故事》中一种自然神学下的爱、《哈尔和福斯塔夫》中一种特具哲学性的爱。
莎士比亚是自然最纯粹的声音。他的戏剧向我们展示了最多样的爱欲表达。
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身体、不死与神秘主义
对道教的学术研究兴起于晚近的一百五十年,在这百余年的传统中,道教的文化形象逐渐被固化为迷信、愚民实践、缺乏宗教传统的神圣性及缺乏原创性等,这些刻板的印象严重低估了道教的文化价值。本书从观念史的视角入手,聚焦于神秘主义、身体、不死这三个核心概念,从中国传统思想观念及生活世界出发,诠释了道教在中国人的日常及信仰生活中的角色及其背后的理路。这种“同情理解”的研究视野有助于弥合历史与信仰之间的巨大鸿沟。